1.Counties, sub-districts, municipalities, and villages

    1.1. Counties, villages, sub-districts, and municipalities with numbers

2. Information related to villages

     2.1. General information

     2.2. Road conditions of villages

     2.3. Canalization conditions of villages

     2.4. Water conditions of villages

     2.5. Electricity conditions of villages

     2.6. Property conditions of villages

     2.7. Health services conditions of villages

     2.8. Education services conditions of villages

     2.9. Religion services conditions of villages

     2.10. Agriculture and Forest services conditions of villages

3. Counties

     3.1.  Alaçam

     3.2.  Asarcık

     3.3.  Ayvacık

     3.4.  Bafra

     3.5. Çarşamba

     3.6. Kavak

     3.7. Ladik

     3.8. Havza

     3.9. 19 Mayıs

     3.10. Salıpazarı

     3.11. Tekkeköy

     3.12. Terme

     3.13. Vezirköprü

     3.14.  Yakakent

1. Counties, sub-districts, municipalities, and villages

1.1. Counties, villages, sub-districts, and municipalities with numbers

Resource: Local Administrations Directorate

In the city center :
Number of metropolitan municipality :1
Number of the first degree municipality :14
Number of total municipalities :15
Number of total villages :78
Population of city according to the census of the year 2000 :438.788
Population of villages and districts  according to the census of the year 2000 : 53.41

In the County Centers:
Number of counties :14
Number of center municipality :14
Number of district municipality :22
Number of total municipalities :36

2. Information related to villages

2.1. General Information

Number of total villages :945, The first three largest villages and their population: (Devgeriş:1.522, Düvecik:1.478, Tekpınar :1.166), The first three smallest villages and their population: (Çandır:112, Avluca :92, Şenyurt :88)

2.2. Road conditions of villages

Number of villages which have asphalt ways :601, Length of the asphalt ways of villages :2.444 km, Number of villages which have stabilized ways: :335, Length of the stabilized ways of villages :4.663 km, Village roads (Arraignment) :1.120 km, Village roads (Raw) :37 km

2.3. Canalization conditions of villages

Number of villages which have canalization: 188, Length of Canalization network :305.156 km, Number of villages which have septic tank:165

2.4. Water conditions of villages

Number of villages which have enough drinking water: 893, Number of villages which have scarce drinking water :51, Number of villages which don’t have drinking water :- , Number of villages which have drinking water network :748, Number of drinking water group:39, Number of villages which get water from drinking water groups:296, Number of villages which have irrigation water :96

2.5. Electricity conditions of villages

Number of villages which have electricity:962, Number of transformer :2.917, Number of street lightening ampules :54.401, Number of villages which have more than one transformer :958, Number of villages which have special transformer :405

2.6. Registry and Cadastre conditions of villages

Number of villages which have finished registry and cadastre: 720, Number of villages which have continuing registry and cadastre :25, Number of villages which do not have registry and cadastre :200

2.7. Health services  conditions of villages

Number of villages which have village clinic :43, Number of villages which have private asylum :118

2.8. Education services  conditions of villages

Köy İlköğretim Okulları Sayısı :958, Köy İlköğretim Okulları Öğretmen Sayısı :2.771, Köy İlköğretim Okulları Öğrenci Sayısı :67.177, İkinci Kademe Öğrencisi Taşınan Köy Sayısı :618, Öğrencisi Taşınan Köy Sayısı :393, Öğrenci Taşınan Merkez Sayısı :179, Taşınan Öğrenci Sayısı :24.358, Köy İlköğretim Okulları Sınıf Sayısı :2.994, İlköğretim Lojmanları Sayısı :1.231, Halk Eğitim Kursu Sayısı :1.605, Halk Eğitim Kursiyer Sayısı :34.479, Halk Eğitim Usta Kurs Öğreticisi :388, Özel Öğretim Kurumu / Yurt Olan Köy Sayısı:6

2.9. Religion services conditions of villages

Number of mosques :1.722, Number of villages which have Quran course :56, Number of Quran courses :186, Number of villages which don’t have religious teachers staff :380, Number of vocational religious high schools :1.342

2.10. Agriculture and Forest services conditions of villages

Number of villages which have agricultural development cooperative :155, Number of cooperative which have agricultural goals :95, Amount of village land (ha) :455.324, Field land (ha) :292.265, Fallow land (ha) :12.656, Non-agricultural land (ha) :10.748, Amount of watered village land (ha) :112.098, Amount of fruit land (ha) :91.335, Amount of vegetable land (ha) :28.758, Amount of grass-lea area (ha) :33.721, Amount of areas subjected to erosion (ha) :813.384, Forest land (ha) :358.107, Number of tractors :34.232, Yearly milk production (ton) :403.497, Yearly meat production (ton) :4.728, Number of animals ( Number of small cattle :184.153, Number of great cattle :297.144, Number of poultries :2.459.223), Number of villages in forest :105, Number of villages at the edge of the forest :233, Number of fishing boats :784, Number of fishing family :2.484

3. Counties

3.1.  Alaçam

County has a very old history. Phrygians, Kimmys, Egyptians, Lidians, and Persians lived in Alaçam in periods before Christ. Its name comes from the great pine trees called Uluçam which are at the edge of the Uluçay river that passes through the county. Alaçam which has been a Turkish county since the Ottoman Empire was pronounced as the 8th county of Samsun in September 1, 1944. Black Sea is located on the north, Yakakent exists on the west, Vezirköprü is located on the south, and Bafra exists on the east of Samsun. Its area is 632 km2, and height is about 30 meters. Length of the coast is 7.8 km.
Economy of the county is depended on agriculture. Wheat, tobacco, rice, and corn are grown, generally. Also every kind of fruits and vegetables are grown. Besides this, animal husbandry and fishing are made. Small cattle raising stands in the forefront. In the rural areas of county hot and cold ironworking with hand bellows is made. Also, there is a monopoly foundation which has 800 employees in the county.

3.2.  Asarcık

After the 1877 - 1878 Ottoman – Russian War, Circassians started to settle down the county and its neighborhoods. So, Asarcık was started to be established. As the time goes, other immigrants came here and the county got larger and larger. It became sub-district in the year 1959, and county in 1987. It also became municipality before the “local administration” elections in March 1989.  

Asarcık is 44 km south of Samsun. And Kavak exists on the west; Çarşamba exists on the east of county.

Because of amount of agricultural areas in the county is small and they are ineffective, and amount of runny areas is small, agricultural sector could not develop. Products obtained from agriculture can only compensate the consumption needs of public. Primary products which are grown are wheat, corn, barley, and sugar beet. Productivity in sugar beet is quite low.

3.3.  Ayvacık

Its formation date is not known exactly. But it is thought that Ayvacık was established before the Çarşamba county where Ayvacık county was depended on. It was a Greek village during the Ottoman Empire. But it was left by Greeks after the Turkish Republic was pronounced. Public settled down the county after the Turkish Republic.

Ayvacık became a sub-district in 1954; but, in 1969 legal organizations which were established before were removed, and in 1978 it became a village again. On May 20, 1990 Ayvacık village was integrated with the Keskinoğlu village, and AYVACIK county was established. Before the “local administration” election in August 19, 1990, its municipality was established.

Ayvacık is located on the north sides of Canik Mountains, at the edge of Suat Uğurlu Barrage Lake (in Yeşilırmak Valley). In this long valley, Hasan Uğurlu Barrage Lake exists. The closest neighbor of the county is Çarşamba county which is 28 km north of Ayvacık. It is 62 km away from Samsun. About 80 – 90 % of public is dealing with agriculture; 8 – 9 % is dealing with trade; and 1 % is dealing with fishing. 

The agricultural sector major in the production of corn, wheat, barley, and hazelnut. Most of its lands are forest. Agricultural lands were obtained by opening the ineffective forest lands. The county could not use its potential on animal husbandry and both field and animal husbandry could not be developed enough.

Hasan Uğurlu and Suat Uğurlu  hydro-electric power plants produce electricity which is essential for the country economics and which is the primary input of industry in the county. These barrages were opened in the years 1981 and 1982 .

3.4.  Bafra

History of Bafra goes to B.C. 5000. In the excavations made in lkiztepe region, clues of life related to Kalkolitik Period (B.C. 5000-4000) were found. After the 1071 Manzikert War, Bafra was obtained by Seljuks. In the year 1214 İzzettin Keykavus who is the emperor of Anatolian Seljuks made Turcoman clans settle down the county. Mongol invasions which started in the year 1243, leaded to collapse of Seljuks Empire and establishment of many Turkish principalities. So on these lands Bafra principality which was a small Seljuks principality was established. In the year 1460, Bafra was obtained by Ottoman Empire. Bafra was a residential area which was belonged to Canik ensign and Trabzon city during the Ottoman Empire. It is not known exactly that when Bafra became a county seat. According to the yearbook records it is thought that Bafra became a county seat at the end of the year 1854.     

It is though that the name Bafra comes from the trade houses that were established on the bays where trade ships dock during Phoenicians in B.C. 525.   

Bafra is 20 km away from Black Sea and its height is 20 meters from the sea. It was established on a savanna which was created by Kızılırmak. Black Sea exists on the east and north, Alaçam exists on the west, and Kavak county is located on the south of Bafra. Its area is 175.000 ha, and it is 51 km away from Samsun.

Bafra Savanna comprises a part of Kızılırmak Delta which opens to Black Sea. And on the south part, it is surrounded by extensions of Canik Mountains. The highest mountain is Nebyan Mountain and its height is 1224 meters. The longest river Kızılırmak, passes through these mountains with a deep valley and it reaches to Bafra Savanna. The whole savanna is composed by alluviums which are brought by Kızılırmak. Many lakes are appeared in parts of river which are close to sea. Sides of Nebyan Mountain are some kind of plateaus. 

Length of Kızılırmak is 1151 km. It arises from Red Mountain in Sivas. It joins to the sea from Bafra by drawing a wide bow. It carries the biggest amount of water in April and July months. Lakes appeared in the parts where Kızılırmak joins to the sea, are located in both sides of the river. The west lake is Karaboğaz, and the east lake is Fish Lake. The primary lakes which are on the east side are Dutdibi, Liman, Hayırlı, Çernek, Uzungöl, Tombulgöl and Incegöl. Environment of the lakes is surrounded by reedy and bogs and sometimes we can see sylvan areas.

Middle Black Sea climate is dominant in the county. Internal and mountainous areas are a little bit colder because they are away from the effects of the sea. Rain falls are heavy and rate of humidity is high. January and February are the coldest and August is the hottest months.

Economic structure of the county is depended on agricultural production and marketing of agricultural products. Agricultural sector makes production for county, Black Sea region, and for Turkey. We can say that the primary means of subsistence of people who are living in the watered areas are agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing, and raising reed.

3.5. Çarşamba

Çarşamba started to develop in surroundings of Çay neighborhood which is located on the east side of Yeşilırmak and Sarıcalı neighborhood which is located on the west side of Yeşilırmak. This area became center and effects of fair which was arranged in 1370 first is great on becoming center of this area. Because of this fair started on Wednesdays, county was given this name. 

Çarşamba was an important residential area for administrative organization during Ottoman Empire and after the Turkish Republic communal organization was established in the year 1925. County was established on Samsun-Ordu highway and on the productive delta savanna that was created by Yeşilırmak. Terme is located on the east, Tekkeköy is located on the west, Black Sea exists on the north, and Ayvacık and Salıpazarı counties are located on the south of Samsun.  

Most of the public is dealing with agriculture. The savanna watered by Yeşilırmak is covered by appropriate soil for agriculture. Agricultural sector has been developed to make production for Black Sea region and Turkey. Products which are grown are wheat, barley, rice, bean, soybean, pea, sugar beet, sun flower, peach, hazelnut, and apple. At the same time, tobacco is grown in a 450 -da- area and 42.346 ton tobaccos are obtained in a year. Also, with the beginning of sugar beet factory for operation sugar beet was started to be grown, too. Opening of the sugar beet factory leaded to development in small cattle and great cattle industries.

3.6. Kavak

Kavak has very old history. In the researches made in Kaledoruğu Mound which is located on the north of county center in the year 1942, some historical artifacts belonged to B.C 3500 – B.C. 2000 period were found. According to this data, Kavak county existed in the Bronze Age. Development here always continued because some buildings were found belonged to Helenenistic, Rome, Byzantine Empire, Seljuks, and Ottoman Empire periods. After Hittite’s domination, Kavak was obtained by Phrygians in B.C. 1200s and then by Milets in the 7th century before Christ. In B.C 333, Ponts obtained Kavak and then Romans remained the possession of Kavak. Public was Jewish first but after Saint Andre and Pier who were apostles of Jesus came to the county public met with Christianity. And when Muslims came to coastal of Black Sea by passing through Malatya and Tokat during 750 – 1258 years, public accepted Islamic religion. During Çelebi Mehmet period in 1418, county was completely obtained by Ottomans.

Kavak is located on Samsun-Ankara highway. It is 51 km away from Samsun. Asarcık exists on the east, Havza exists on the west, Samsun and Bafra exists on the north, and Ladik exists on the south of Kavak. Economics of Kavak is depended on agriculture and animal husbandry. The products which are most grown are wheat, corn, oat, barley. Also sugar beet, tobacco, and potato are grown, too. Industry in the county is generally related to production of lime, brick, and tile.

3.7. Ladik

It is thought that Ladik county existed in B.C. 3000 – B.C. 2000 period according to the archeological excavation made in the county. County was obtained by Persians between the years B.C. 550 and B.C. 332. Then, the state remained the possession of Samsun and Amasya. Islamic religion spread out after the 1071 Manzikert war. Ottoman Empire obtained Ladik in 1428. Until the republic period it was located within the borders of Amasya which was connected to Sivas Ensign. After the Turkish Republic was established county was attached to Samsun in the year 1925. Ladik is located on the South of Samsun; Kavak exists on the North, Suluova exists on the South, Taşova exists on the east, and Havza exists on the west of Ladik. Its area is 558 km2.

Economics of the county is depended on agriculture generally. Wheat, barley, oat, corn, and sugar beet are grown. Vegetables cultivation is developed due to its productive and wide sowing areas. Especially, tomatoes, pepper, aubergine, cucumber, bean are grown and marketed to other cities. Small and great cattle husbandry are developed because of Ladik is some kind of plateau. The greatest industrial foundation in the county is cement factory. Also it has a small industrial estate.

3.8. Havza

The archeological excavations made in Lerdüge Tumulus showed that history of county reaches until B.C.100. County was obtained by many kingdoms and principalities due to its healing water. It was given its name by Kavushan who was Amasya president in the year 1156. Then this name was changed as Havza by Sadi Pasha who was one of the Seljuks presidents in 1245. during the principalities period, Havza was administrated by Taşanoğulları principality which was belonged to Canik principalities. II. Murat who was governor of Amasya made Havza be included in Ottoman Empire by charging Yörgüç Pasha. So Havza was included in Ottoman Empire in the year 1430. During Ottoman Empire Havza was administrated by Amasya city; but in 1882 it became a county and in the year 1926 it was attached to Samsun. 
 
County is 86 km away from Samsun. Bafra is located on the north, Suluova and Merzifon are located on the south, Vezirköprü exists on the west, and Ladik and Kavak counties exist on the east. North part of Havza is surrounded by range of mountains. Tavşan Mountains are located on the west of county. Sides of these mountains are some kind of plateaus. The most important rivers of Havza are Derinöz and İstavroz.  

Generally, economics of the county is depended on agriculture. Wheat and sugar beet are grown mostly. Animal husbandry is made in villages of the county. Forest areas have wide places in the county which is surrounded by mountains. Especially, public who live in forest villages maintain their lives from forest products.

There are many flour factories in the county. And amount flour produced is marketed to some cities. In the place called old and new Çeltek, there are Brown coal mines. These kinds of plants create employment in the city. There is also a small industrial estate where small scale production and repair works are realized. Thermal baths tourism is one of the basic sectors in county’s economics.

3.9. 19 Mayıs

In the  archeological excavations made in Dağköy and Yörükler which are located in 19 Mayıs county, some clues related to life belonged to years before Christ were found. It is thought that graves which were found in Dağköy are belonged to year B.C 47. The Turkish bath which was found in Yörükler, is belonged to period of Geneveas and Romans. This place has been used as residential area since the years before Christ and it was obtained by Ottoman Empire during Çelebi Mehmet period.

County is 33 km away from Samsun. It is on Samsun-Sinop state highway and on the south part of the delta savanna which is created by Kızılırmak River. Its height is 10 meters from the sea. Samsun is located on the east, Bafra is located on the west, Black Sea is located on the north, and Bafra is also located on the south. The highest part of the county is the hill which is on the south where Nebyan forest is located. Places where are located on the north of county center compose some parts of savanna created by Kızılırmak River. A fraction of Fish Lakes exists in this area. Generally, county is like a plateau.

Agriculture, animal husbandry, and fishing have been developed in the county. Hazelnut and corn have important parts in agricultural products. Fishing is done not only in the sea but also in other fish lakes. Some projects related to walnut and bees have been applied in 19 Mayıs county and they have made important contributions to county economics. Also, rugs’, socks’ weaving makes small contributions to the economics of county. And coarse fiber knitting which is realized around the Fish Lake can be included in economic activities. Besides these, there is a small industrial estate in the county. And production of equipments used in garden agriculture, heater, and cook stove is made here.

3.10. Salıpazarı

Salıpazarı became a municipality after combining of Alanyaykın, Düzköy, and Bereket villages which were distinguished from Terme and Çarşamba counties in 1973. In the years 1987 and 1988 its county organization was established and it was attached to Samsun.

It is known that Greeks, Armenians, and Georgians were living in the area together with Turkish people before the First World War. During the World War, Turkish people were in conflict with Armenian gangs. But; Armenians had to leave the county in the end.

County is 54 km away from Samsun. Erbaa and Akkuş are located on the south, Terme is located on the east, Ayvacık is located on west, and Çarşamba is located on the north of the county. County is not at the edge of the sea. 

North of the county is flat and south of the county is rough. Yeşilçay and Terme stream intersect at the center of county. There are three bridges on these streams: Kurt Bridge attaches Salıpazarı and Gökçeli village together; and Maviren Brigde attaches Salıpazarı and Yavaşbey village together. 

Economics of the county is depended on agriculture. Hazelnut, strawberry, and rice are grown widely. Also animal husbandry has been developed. In the mountainous areas basket, wooden spoon, and hope chest are produced.

3.11. Tekkeköy

As the result of the researches made in Tekkeköy and its neighborhood, it was found that people have been living in Tekkeköy since the Paleolithic period. In the researches made in county some layers belonged to Hittites and Phrygians were found. County was obtained by Pontus state in the middle of the third century before Christ. Later Rome, Byzantine Empire, and Anatolian Seljuks Empire obtained the county relatively. When Seljuks started to settle down Anatolia, in order to open the area to Turkish people and Islamic religion, they sent Shekik Zeynüddin here and they made him establish a dervish lodge. In the lodge established by Shekik Zeynüddin who lived between the years 1250 and 1330, passengers, poors, were eating. It is said that the name TEKKEKOY comes from that. In 1399, Tekkeköy was obtained by Ottoman Empire. After 1402 Ankara War, it was obtained by Kubatoğulları. In 1419, Çelebi Mehmet included Tekkeköy into Ottoman Empire again.

The county is 13 km South of Samsun - Trabzon highway. It was located in the area where Tekkeköy stream opens to coast savanna. Continuation of Çarşamba savanna composes the 1/3 of county’s area. So these parts are suitable for agriculture.

Agriculture and animal husbandry are important means of subsistence. Tobacco is the greatest means of subsistence. Black cabbage, lettuce, and other kinds of vegetables are marketed to other cities and they create economic input. Gelemen State Production Farm which was established in the county in the year 1944 is to fill the needs of Black Sea region for grain and bait. It comprises 46.000 –da- area. Improving the technical agriculture and beekeeping is among the aims of the farm. There are some plants where fruit growing and tiller growing are done.

Black Sea Copper Organizations, Azote Factory which are located within the borders of county and industrial zones in the Kutlukent district are making contributions to economic activity.

3.12. Terme

History of Terme reaches to B.C. 1000 years. Old historians said that in B.C. 1200s mythical women warriors had been living at the edge of Terme stream. It is thought that the name TERME comes from these warriors.

It is thought that the primal public lived here was Gaskas. When Hittites extended till Samsun, they got Gaskas under their directorship. Until the 11th century that Turks started to obtain Anatolian, Terme was obtained by Hittites, Phrygians, Mads, Persians, and Romans obtained Terme relatively. During the First Alaittin Keykubat period (1219 - 1236), the whole Black Sea coastal are obtained by Anatolian Seljuks including Terme. After Seljuks Empire started to fall apart because of Mongol invasions some Turkish Principalities began to be established. During this period, Eratna Principality was established in Amasya, Samsun, Tokat, Sivas, Kayseri cities. When Kadı Burhanettin obtained the Eratna Principality in the year 1381, Terme was attached to his region. Meanwhile, Canik Principality was established in the region. In the year 1398, Yıldırım Beyazıt included all principalities which are at the edge of Amasya and Black Sea coastals into Ottoman Empire. Until the Republic period, Terme was under the control of Canik Municipality. Terme Communal Organization was established before Turkish Republic.   

Terme is located 3 -5 km inward from by the sea, and it is 58 km away from Samsun. Black Sea exists on the North of county, Ünye and İkizce exist on the east, Akkuş is located on the South, and Salıpazarı and Çarşamba counties exist on the west of it. Also, coastal savanna exists on the North and Canik Mountains are located on the South part. The highest point of it 450 meters. Terme stream which arises from Black Forest joins to the sea by dividing the county into two parts. Delidere river which arises from Çarşamba Mountains joins to the Black Sea, too. Some lakes appeared in some parts of water course. Karaboğaz and Abdal streams which join to Simenit Lake exist in the county. The second biggest poplar forest of the world is also in Terme.

Economics of Terme is depended on agriculture. In this productive savanna, Terme’s rice and hazelnut are grown. Culture poplar growing is very wide in the county. Besides this, fishing can be included in means of existence because of Terme is a coastal town. Stock farming and beekeeping are important for the economy. The most important industrial organizations of Terme are the factories which process the hazelnut grown in the county. Hazelnut produced in these factories is exported and supplied to domestic market. Rice in the husk is also processed in factories, it became rice and it is exported and consumed in the domestic markets.

3.13. Vezirköprü

History of Vezirköprü reaches to Hittites (B.C.2000 – B.C.700). City was established 2.5 km away from the county center. During the Celali Rebellions in the year 1695, county was raided many times. Because of that people put in castles. And they built Stone Castle and Soil Castle. Now streets which were established on these castles are called as the same name. After the Celali Rebellions, Köprülü Mehmet Pasha had these buildings repaired and he had new buildings constructed.

In terms of administration, Vezirköprü was depended on Sivas principality which was under the control of Amasya municipality. It was attached to Amasya until the year 1925; in 1925 it was attached to Samsun. Name of the town is Şınder in Travel Book of Evliya Çelebi. The county was started to be called as Vezirköprü during Mehmet Pasha period.

Vezirköprü is on the south-west of Samsun. Havza exists on the east, Boyabat and Osmancık exist on the west, Gümüşhacıköy and Merzifon are on the south, Alaçam and Bafra counties are on the north of Vezirköprü county.

Economics of the county depends on agriculture. Besides this, animal husbandry and forest products are important. Production of every kind of grains, vegetable and fruit growing developed. Also, sugar beet, tobacco, hemp, sun flower, sesame are grown, too.  
   
We cannot say that industry developed in Vezirköprü. Forest Products Industry Integrated Board Factory makes contributions to county economics. Also there are flour factories and some plants that produce agrarian equipments in county. There are improvements in some sectors like trade, communication, and transportation. Also there is a small industrial estate in county. Also carpet bag, samovar, rope production can be included in economic activities. 

3.14.  Yakakent

It was established in the second century before Christ. In the year 1896, mukhtar organization and on March 1, 1963 its communal organization were established. In the same year, its name was changed as Yakakent which means coastal city. It became a county on May 9, 1991. 

Yakakent is on the transition point between the borders of Sinop and Samsun on the coast of Black Sea. It is 84 km away from Samsun. Alaçam is on the east, Gerze is on the west, Canik Mountains are on the South, and Black Sea is located on the North of Yakakent.

Economics of the county is generally depended on agriculture. But fishing has an important part in the economy. In the Black Sea we can find any kinds of fish and sturgeon fish which has world wide reputation. With 70 fishing boats, fish are hunted. There are two private factories which process the sea products. These are; Sarsan Fish Flour and Oil Factory, and Ipek Food Factory. Here, some sea products like ray shark and sand oyster are processed, shocked, and exported to foreign countries.Tobacco is the typical agriculture product of the county. Wheat, corn and rice are grown in villages.